Eminyakeni yamuva nje, lona umbuzo oye waphakanyiswa abantu abaningi ngokwengeziwe.Ngokusho kwe-International Energy Agency, ukukhiqizwa kwamandla elanga emhlabeni wonke ngo-2020 kwaba amahora angama-terawatt angu-156. Ngokuvumelana nohulumeni wase-UK, i-UK ikhiqiza ngaphezu kuka-13,400 megawatts. yamandla futhi isifakwe ngaphezu kwesigidi esisodwa. Ukufakwa kwamaphaneli elanga nakho kukhule ngo-1.6% oncomekayo kusukela ngo-2020 kuya ku-2021. Ngokuvumelana ne ResearchandMarkets.com, imakethe yelanga kulindeleke ukuthi ikhule ngo-20.5% iye ku-$222.3 billion (£164 billion) isuka 2019 kuya ku-2026.
Ngokombiko we-"Guardian", i-UK okwamanje ibhekene nenkinga yebhili yamandla, futhi izikweletu zingase zikhuphuke cishe ngo-50%.Umlawuli wamandla wase-UK u-Ofgem umemezele ukwenyuka kwentengo yamandla (inani eliphezulu umphakeli wamandla ingakhokhisa) kusukela ngomhlaka-1 Ephreli 2022.Lokho kusho ukuthi abantu abaningi bafuna ukuzuza okuningi emalini yabo uma kuziwa kubahlinzeki bamandla kanye nemithombo yamandla efana nelanga.Kodwa ingabe amaphaneli elanga afanelekile?
Ama-solar panel, abizwa ngokuthi ama-photovoltaics (PV), ahlanganisa amaseli amaningana e-semiconductor, ngokuvamile enziwe nge-silicon.I-silicon isesimweni se-crystalline futhi ihlukaniswe phakathi kwezingqimba ezimbili ze-conductive, ungqimba oluphezulu luhlwanyelwe nge-phosphorus futhi phansi kuba yi-boron.Lapho ukukhanya kwelanga idlula kulawa maseli anezingqimba, ibangela ukuthi ama-electron adlule ezendlalelo futhi adale ishaja kagesi.Ngokusho kwe-Energy Saving Trust, le nkokhelo ingaqoqwa futhi igcinwe ukuze kuphehlwe izinto zikagesi zasendlini.
Inani lamandla avela kumkhiqizo we-solar PV lingahluka kuye ngobukhulu bayo nendawo, kodwa ngokuvamile iphaneli ngayinye ikhiqiza ama-watts angu-200-350 ngosuku, futhi uhlelo ngalunye lwe-PV luqukethe amaphaneli angu-10 kuya kwangu-15. Umndeni ovamile wase-UK okwamanje usebenzisa phakathi kuka-8 no-8. 10 kilowatts ngosuku, ngokusho kwewebhusayithi yokuqhathanisa amandla UKPower.co.uk.
Umehluko omkhulu wezezimali phakathi kwamandla avamile namandla elanga yizindleko ezingaphambili zokufaka isistimu ye-solar photovoltaic.“Sinikeza ukufakwa okubiza u-£4,800 [cishe amaRandi angu-6,500] wokufaka okuvamile kwekhaya okungu-3.5 kW, okuhlanganisa abasebenzi kodwa kungafaki amabhethri.Lona usayizi ojwayelekile wesistimu yasekhaya yase-UK futhi idinga cishe ama-square metres ayi-15 kuya kwangu-20 [cishe] ama-square feet angu-162 kuya kwangu-215],” UBrian Horn, umxhumanisi wemininingwane ephezulu kanye nokuhlaziya kwa-Energy Efficiency Trust, utshele i-LiveScience ku-imeyili.
Naphezu kwezindleko eziphakeme zokuqala, isilinganiso sempilo yokusebenza yesistimu ye-solar PV cishe iminyaka engu-30-35, nakuba abanye abakhiqizi bebiza isikhathi eside, ngokusho kweHhovisi Lokusebenza Kwamandla kanye Namandla Avuselelekayo.
ibhange lebhethri yephaneli yelanga
Kukhona futhi inketho yokutshala imali kumabhethri ukuze uvune noma yimaphi amandla angaphezu kwamandla akhiqizwa uhlelo lwe-solar photovoltaic.Noma ungayithengisa.
Uma isistimu ye-photovoltaic ikhiqiza ugesi omningi kunokusetshenziswa kwekhaya lakho, kungenzeka ukuthengisa amandla engeziwe kubahlinzeki bamandla ngaphansi kwe-Smart Export Guarantee (SEG).SEG itholakala kuphela e-England, Scotland nase-Wales.
Ngaphansi kwalolu hlelo, izinkampani zamandla ezehlukene zibeka amanani enanini ezizimisele ukuthenga amandla engeziwe kusistimu yakho ye-solar PV kanye neminye imithombo yamandla avuselelekayo njengama-hydro noma ama-wind turbines.Ngokwesibonelo, kusukela ngo-February 2022, umhlinzeki wamandla u-E. Njengamanje i-ON inikezela ngezintengo ezifika ku-5.5 pence (cishe amasenti angu-7) nge-kilowatt ngayinye. Awekho amanani angashintshi omholo ngaphansi kwe-SEG, abahlinzeki banganikeza amanani angaguquki noma aguquguqukayo, nokho, ngokwe-Energy Efficiency Trust, inani kufanele njalo libe njalo. ngaphezu kweziro.
“Emizini enamaphaneli elanga nesiqinisekiso sochwepheshe abahlakaniphile, eLondon naseNingizimu-mpumalanga yeNgilandi, lapho abahlali bechitha isikhathi esiningi besekhaya, bonga u-£385 [cishe u-$520] ngonyaka, kanye nenkokhelo yeminyaka engaba ngu-16 [izibalo. ilungiswe Nov 2021] ngenyanga]", kusho uHorn.
Ngokusho kuka-Horn, ama-solar panels awagcini nje ukugcina amandla futhi enze imali kule nqubo, futhi anezela inani lekhaya lakho. lokho kusebenza.Ngokunyuka kwamanani kwakamuva emakethe yonkana, umthelela wamapaneli elanga ezintengo zezindlu Kubonakala sengathi kunokugxila okwengeziwe ezindleleni zokunciphisa isidingo samandla nokushintshela emithonjeni yamandla avuselelekayo,” kusho uHorn.Umbiko weBritish Solar Trade Association uthole ukuthi izinhlelo zamandla elanga zinganyusa intengo yokuthengisa yendlu ngo-£1,800 (cishe ama-$2,400).
Yiqiniso, i-solar ayilungile kuphela kuma-akhawunti ethu asebhange, kodwa futhi isiza ukunciphisa umthelela olimazayo wemboni yamandla endaweni yethu. yengqikithi yokuphuma komhlaba wonke, ngokusho kwe-US Environmental Protection Agency.
Njengomthombo wamandla esimeme futhi ovuselelekayo, amasistimu e-solar photovoltaic angathathi hlangothi futhi awakhiphi amagesi abamba ukushisa.Ngokwe-Energy Efficiency Trust, umndeni ojwayelekile wase-UK osebenzisa uhlelo lwe-PV ungonga amathani angu-1.3 kuya ku-1.6 metric (1.43 kuya ku-1.76 tonne) we-carbon ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni ngonyaka.
“Ungaphinda uhlanganise i-solar PV nobunye ubuchwepheshe obuvuselelekayo njengamaphampu okushisa.Lobu buchwepheshe busebenzisana kahle ngoba ukuphuma kwe-solar PV ngezinye izikhathi kunika amandla iphampu yokushisa ngokuqondile, okusiza ukwehlisa izindleko zokushisisa,” kusho u-Horn. wengeza.
Amaphaneli eSolar PV awanayo imingcele futhi ngeshwa akuwona wonke amakhaya ahambisana nokufakwa kwe-solar PV.
Okunye okucatshangelwayo ukuthi ngabe uyayidinga yini imvume yokuhlela ukuze ufake i-solar PV system.Izakhiwo ezivikelekile, amafulethi anesitezi sokuqala kanye nezindawo zokuhlala ezindaweni ezivikelekile zingadinga imvume ngaphambi kokufakwa.
Isimo sezulu singathinta ukusebenza kahle kwezinhlelo ze-solar PV ukuze kuphehle ugesi.Ngokusho kwe-E.ON, nakuba amaphaneli elanga azochayeka elangeni elanele ukuze akhiqize ugesi, okuhlanganisa izinsuku eziguqubele nobusika, kungase kungabi sezingeni eliphezulu ngaso sonke isikhathi.
“Noma ngabe likhulu kangakanani uhlelo lwakho, awukwazi njalo ukukhiqiza wonke amandla owadingayo futhi udinga ukungena kugridi ukuze uleseke.Nokho, uyakwazi ukulungisa indlela osebenzisa ngayo ugesi, njengokusebenzisa izinto ezisebenza ngogesi ukuze uphehle ugesi phakathi nosuku lapho amaphaneli ecishiwe,” kusho uHorn.
Ngaphezu kokufaka i-solar PV system, kunezinye izindleko okufanele zicatshangelwe, njengokulungiswa.Ugesi okhiqizwa ama-solar panel ubizwa ngokuthi i-direct current (DC), kodwa izinto zikagesi zasendlini zisebenzisa i-alternating current (AC), ngakho ama-inverter afakwa ukuze aguqule. yamanje.Ngokwewebhusayithi yokuqhathanisa amandla iGreenMatch.co.uk, lawa ma-inverter anesikhathi sokuphila esiphakathi kweminyaka emihlanu neyi-10. Intengo yokushintsha ingase yehluke ngomnikezeli, nokho, ngokuya ngenhlangano yamazinga i-MCS (I-Micro-Generation Certification Scheme ), lokhu kubiza u-£800 (~$1,088).
Ukuthola idili elingcono kakhulu ngesistimu ye-solar PV yekhaya lakho kusho ukuthenga endaweni yonke.Izindleko zingahluka phakathi kwabafaki nemikhiqizo, ngakho-ke sincoma ukuthi uqale noma yimuphi umsebenzi okungenani Thola izingcaphuno kubafaki abathathu,” kusikisela u-Horn.” Uhlelo Lokugunyazwa Kwezizukulwane Ezincane luyindawo engcono kakhulu ongaqala ngayo lapho ufuna izifaki ezigunyaziwe endaweni yangakini,” Horn. kusho.
Akungabazeki ukuthi umthelela omuhle wemvelo wamapaneli elanga ufanelekile.Ngokuqondene nokusebenza kwabo kwezezimali, izinhlelo ze-PV zelanga zinamandla okugcina imali eningi, kodwa izindleko zokuqala ziphezulu.Ikhaya ngalinye lihlukile ngokusetshenziswa kwamandla. kanye nomthamo wamaphaneli elanga, okuzogcina kuthinte ukuthi ingakanani imali ongayonga ngohlelo lwe-solar PV.Ukukusiza wenze isinqumo sakho sokugcina, i-Energy Saving Trust inikeza umshini wokubala owusizo ukuze ulinganise ukuthi ungonga malini ngamandla elanga.
Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana namandla ephaneli yelanga, vakashela i-UK Solar Energy and Energy Savings Trust.Ungathola futhi ukuthi yiziphi izinkampani zamandla ezinikeza amalayisense e-SEG kulolu hlu oluwusizo oluvela ku-Ofgem.
UScott ungumbhali wencwadi ethi How It Works futhi useke wabhalela ezinye izinhlobo zesayensi nolwazi oluhlanganisa i-BBC Wildlife Magazine, i-Animal World Magazine, i-space.com kanye nephephabhuku i-All About History. kwi-Conservation Biology yase-Lincoln University.Kuwo wonke umsebenzi wakhe wezemfundo nomsebenzi wobungcweti, uScott ubebambe iqhaza ezinhlelweni eziningi zokongiwa kwemvelo, okuhlanganisa ucwaningo lwezinyoni e-UK, ukuqapha izimpisi eJalimane kanye nokulandela ingwe eNingizimu Afrika.
I-Live Science iyingxenye ye-Future US Inc, iqembu labezindaba lamazwe ngamazwe nomshicileli ohamba phambili wedijithali.Vakashela iwebhusayithi yenkampani yethu.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Feb-25-2022
