Emuva cishe ngo-2011, uJonathan Cobb nonkosikazi wakhe uKaylyn babenalokho akubiza ngokuthi “isu lomdlalo olula.” Wathi bazothatha amakhulu amahektha epulazi eliqashiwe neliphethwe umndeni enkabeni yeTexas - umhlaba osukhule ummbila nokotini amashumi eminyaka. - futhi uyinikeze “lokho ekufunayo.”
Ekufunayo, uCobb ulinganisela, isitshalo sendabuko eside, esifana neziqu eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, utshani obuphuzi baseNdiya kanye nobhekilanga baseMaximilian, bemba izimpande zabo bajule enhlabathini yobumba esindayo, acabanga ukuthi kuzoba ” Ukwakha ikhabhoni nokuqina endaweni, kanye namandla okubamba amanzi, ukuhamba ngebhayisikili okunomsoco - konke okudinga ukuba nomhlaba okwazi ukukhiqiza kabusha."
Ekugcineni, uCobbs wanquma ukuletha imfuyo edlayo, elingisa imihlambi yezinyathi eyayizulazula kulezi zindawo ezinotshani, futhi enezela izakhamzimba ngomquba wazo, kanye ne-voila: banenyama yokudayisa ngenkathi bebuyisela iplanethi, begcina ikhabhoni, futhi belondoloza indawo yokulima.
Ngaleso sikhathi, u-Cobb kanye ne-Green Fields Farm yakhe banconywa izinhlangano ezingenzi-nzuzo ezigxile ekusimameni njengesibonelo sezolimo ezivuselelayo—empeleni, iqoqo lenhlabathi exhumene futhi exhunyiwe ehlobene nokwakha inhlabathi enempilo, egcina ikhabhoni.Izindlela zokutshala ezihlangene, okuhlanganisa ukutshala okusibekela, ukugwema ukulima, izibulala-zinambuzane kanye ne-monocropping, ukusebenzisa umquba nokutshala izinqamuleli zomoya, konke kuyindlela yokukhulisa ukudla okunempilo endaweni enempilo. ingaqeda izilimo zempahla zendabuko, ezincike kumakhemikhali futhi ibe nenzuzo.
Uma abalimi bempahla bengancengwa ukuthi benze ushintsho, futhi ohulumeni bangakhuthaza izinqubo zokuvuselela ngezisusa ezingcono, khona-ke ezolimo zingasebenza njengesixazululo sokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu kunokuba kube i-aggravator.
Ukugcina amaphesenti angu-2 engeziwe ekhabhoni enhlabathini kungabuyisela amagesi abamba ukushisa emkhathini abe emazingeni “aphephile,” ngokwesilinganiso esithile. sebenza njengesixazululo sokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu esikhundleni se-aggravator.
Kuzwakala kulula.Akukho lutho.Okwengeza kubo bonke ubunkimbinkimbi bokulima kabusha umhlabathi omningi indida yokuthi, kwezinye izindawo ezikhulayo, lo mzamo ubukela phansi esinye isixazululo esibalulekile sezulu:ilangaAmandla.Around Cobb, omakhelwane abanomhlaba baqala ukuqasha amapulazi abo avundile—hhayi abalimi, kodwa ezinkampanini ezisebenza ngemisebe yelanga ezazingasebenzi ngesikhathi lapho sasidinga okwengeziwe, hhayi okuncane, ukuze silime ukudla.ukukhiqiza kabusha.
Ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu, nokwanda okusheshayo kwenani labantu kwezinye izindawo, kuye kwadala isidingo sokwandisa ukukhiqizwa kokudla ngesikhathi lapho amapulazi ebiza kakhulu;isenzo sokutshala ukudla sibonakala ngokwandayo njengethemba lokulahlekelwa ngokwezimali.Ngokusho kwe-American Farmland Trust (AFT), abalimi base-US bakhiphe amahektha ayizigidi ezingu-11 ngendawo yokulima ukuze ithuthukiswe phakathi kuka-2001 no-2016, okungavala ukukhiqiza unomphela-ingasaphathwa. siguqule sibe izinto ezivuselelekayo.Emasontweni ambalwa ngemva kokuba i-Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change ikhiphe ukuhlolwa kwayo kwesibili kwesimo sezulu ngoFebhuwari, okwakhomba amasu okunciphisa isimo sezulu anemithelela engemihle ebingahlosiwe, uCobb ukhungathekile ngenxa yokuqhubeka kwakhe nomsebenzi wokuvuselela kabusha.Izindleko zokulondoloza isimo sezulu ibhizinisi liphezulu, futhi iqiniso lokuthi abanikazi bomhlaba endaweni yakhe bayaqashisailangakubonakala kubonisa izinkinga eziningi ezizayo.
Izinselelo ezibhekene nezolimo - ingasaphathwa eyenguquko eya ekuvuselelweni kabusha - kungenzeka zibe zinkulu. UCobb udlule emqanseni wokufunda waphinde wahilizisana nezihlobo ezazimelene ngokuqinile nokushintshwa kwezindlela zokulima ezikhona, okwaholela ekuhlukaniseni umhlaba wezelamani. .UCobb, umnikazi womhlaba oqashiwe, naye wenqaba ukuxutshwa izinto.” Uyise nomkhulu wabo bachitha ukuphila kwabo besusa lonke ukhula, futhi babefuna ukuba [izwe] libe mnyama futhi lilinywe ngoba yilokho ukulima okuphumelelayo okubukeka futhi kuzwakala kanjalo,” Kusho uCobb.
Ezinye izinselele kungenzeka zingahle zihlelwe.E-Petaluma, Calif. — ayilwi okwamanjeilangaenergy — umlimi wezimvu nezimbuzi u-Tamara Hicks uthenge umhlaba owawudliwe owake waba ipulazi lobisi lendabuko ngenhloso yokuwufuya kabusha. Kusesimweni esidabukisayo asibiza ngokuthi “Ukuphuka-Kubi.” I-Methadone etholakala kwamanye amasampula omhlabathi;iziqandisi, amaloli, ogandaganda “abagaywe kabusha” emigodini embiwe emagqumeni;ama-cesspools aqhuma eduze kwama-cesspools;Amathayi ayizi-10,000 anqwabelene emihosheni ukuze kusimamiswe umonakalo odalwe yizizukulwane Umhlabathi uphelelwa amandla futhi uguguleke ngenxa yemikhuba yokudla. Ngaphambi kokuthi uHicks atshale imbewu yomdabu, athenge ama-ungulate, noma athole ukuthi angaphendukela kubani ukuze athole usizo lobuchwepheshe lapho efaka isicelo sesibonelelo sikahulumeni sokutshala izihlahla futhi eqala okunye ukuvuselelwa. imikhuba, okungenani okunye ukudideka kufanele kusulwe.
Ngokungangabazeki, amandla ahlanzekile, okuhlanganisa i-solar, abalulekile ekugwemeni imithelela emibi kakhulu yokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, ngakho-ke iqiniso lokuthi utility-scaleilangae-US ikhule ngo-26% phakathi kuka-2019 no-2020 kubonakala sengathi intuthuko enhle.”Ngaphandle kwamandla amaningi elanga, ngeke sikwazi ukufeza izinhloso zethu zesimo sezulu noma sisondele,” kusho umqondisi wocwaningo we-AFT uMitch Hunter.
Ngokufanayo, izindlela zokukhiqiza kabusha (okungukuthi ukongiwa kwemvelo) ziye zanconywa izinhlangano ezingenzi nzuzo zamazwe ngamazwe ezifana ne-Project Drawdown njengezinyathelo zokulungisa ezolimo esizenzayo njengamanje, ezikhulula amathani ayizigidi ezingama-698 e-carbon dioxide elingana minyaka yonke e-United States.I-United States iyodwa iyangcolisa amanzi, abantu abanobuthi kanye nezilwane zasendle.Izifundo zesikhathi eside, ezinkulu zisadingeka ukuze kulinganiswe ukusebenza kahle kwendawo yezitshalo evuselelwe ekugcineni i-carbon.Nokho, izifundo ezincane, zesikhathi esifushane kanye namakhulu eminyaka okuhlangenwe nakho okuvela kubasebenzi bezolimo bomdabu kanye nabasanda kuhlanganyela njenge U-Cobb no-Hicks basikisela ukuthi inhlabathi ecebile, eqinile ekwazi ukumelana nokuguguleka ngesikhathi seziphepho ezinamandla ingasinda esomiso futhi isekele ukukhula kwezinto eziphilayo.Ukuhlukahluka kungcono.
Nokho, “kulula kakhulu kubalimi abaningi ukuvele basayine kulayini onamachashazi bese bekhokhelwa [ukuqasha] umhlaba wabo ukuze bathole amandla elanga kunokuzama zonke izinkinga zezolimo ezivuselelayo ikakhulukazi – inkinga edinga ukweqiwa, ” kusho uHunter.” ITexas ingumholi, kepha ikuyo yonke indawo, ngakho-ke sidinga ukuthola ukuthi wenza kanjani.ilangangendlela elungele abalimi, elungele isimo sezulu, elungele umhlabathi?”(NjengeWashington Post Ukududulana nokudonsa phakathi kwemboni yelanga kanye ne-nonfarmland eTexas nakho kwenzeka ngesikhathi esisodwa, njengoba iphephandaba libike ekuqaleni kwale nyanga, njengoba kuhilela indawo ehlanzekile izazi zemvelo ezazizama ukuyigcina.)
Akuyena yedwa u-Hunter ozibuzayo ukuthi ungaba nakho kanjani konke, ngokwesimo sezulu.Ngokwe-Clean Energy Wire, eJalimane muva nje uphasise umthetho wokuvula umhlaba wokulima ukuzeilangaamandla ngendlela evumela “ukusetshenziswa okufanayo kwezindawo zokukhiqiza ukudla namandla.” I-BloombergQuint ibika ukuthi uhulumeni uzosekela abalimi ukuze banezeleilangaamandla afinyelela kumaphesenti angu-15 omhlaba wabo, nakuba le nhlanganisela ibiza kakhulu kunelanga lilodwa.Ongqongqoshe baseJalimane baphinde basho ukubaluleka kokugcina umhlaba wokulima ukhiqiza ukuze kugcinwe ukulondeka kokudla.
E-US, ama-photovoltais ezolimo ayisisekelo asetshenziswa nezimvu, eziphansi kunezinkomo futhi ngenxa yalokho ezikwazi kangcono ukuklaba nazo.ilangaamaphaneli.
I-Japan ibilokhu ishaya umthetho mayelana ne-agri-PV (mane nje, amaphaneli elanga avumela uhlobo oluthile lokusetshenziswa okuhlobene nezolimo eduze nangaphansi kwayo) kusukela okungenani ngo-2013, lapho yayidinga lokho eyayikubiza ngokuthi "ukwabelana kwamandla elanga", okuwukwakha amaphrojekthi elanga umhlaba wokulima kumele ucabangele ukukhiqizwa kwezitshalo noma imfuyo eyahlukene.Izwe linethemba lokuthi kuzosetshenziswa ugesi wezolimo njengendlela engaba yindlela yokubuyisela amapulazi angasasetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni.
E-US, uHunter uthe, ezinze epulaziniilanga"yisikhala samathuba."Ivikela izitshalo elangeni nasekushiseni kakhulu, inciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi, futhi yandisa isivuno.” Kodwa isesigabeni sokuqala sokukhula” futhi inselele enkulu yokuyisebenzisa ngesilinganiso izindleko. Amaphaneli elanga angase abe phansi kakhulu. ukuze kukhule izitshalo zendabuko ezinde njengoCobb, noma izinkomo zakhe zizulazule ngaphansi kwazo, noma kudlule imishini yasepulazini, okuyilapho kungena khona izindleko. Kudingeka insimbi eyengeziwe ukusuka phansi ukuze isekele izindawo abahlala kuzo, ” Kusho u-Hunter, futhi insimbi eyengeziwe ilingana nemali eyengeziwe.
E-US, ama-photovoltaics ezolimo ayisisekelo asetshenziswa nezimvu, eziphansi kunezinkomo futhi ngakho-ke zikwazi kangcono ukudla ngama-solar panel.Kodwa sisadinga lokho uHunter akubiza ngokuthi "izinhlelo ze-tip-of-the-art" ezinamapaneli ahambayo ukuvumela ukukhanya kufinyelele izitshalo ezingaphansi, noma ukulawula imvula ngendlela efanele ukuze ifinyelele umhlabathi endaweni efanele—ingasaphathwa eyokuhlalisa izinkomo.” Siseseqophelweni lapho kufanele sihlonze izinhlobo ezingabizi kakhulu nezingenyuka,” uthe.
Nokho, kusacutshungulwa.E-National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) eGolden, Colorado, umhlaziyi oholayo we-Energy-Water-Land uJordan Macknick ufunda lokho akubiza ngokuthi “ilangaamathuba entuthuko angenza umhlaba wezolimo uzuze futhi umhlabathi uzuze futhi unikeze inani”.Iphrojekthi ye-NREL's InSPIRE, exhaswe uMnyango Wezamandla, icwaninga amandla e-agri-PV ezitshalweni, amadlelo, indawo egcina impova kanye nezinhlelo ze-greenhouse ezindaweni ezingama-25 ezweni lonke. - ngokubheka imininingwane ye-ilangaamandla adingekayo ohlelweni ngalunye nokuthi amaphaneli azithinta kanjani izinto ezinjengomswakama womhlabathi nokuguguleka komhlabathi.
“Esinye sezithiyo ezinkulu ekwenzeni ukulima okuvuselelayo ukuthi abantu abaningi abakwazi ukukhokhela i-$30,000 yokuthenga imishini yokutshala abayidinga kanye noma kabili ngonyaka.”
Noma kunjalo, uMcNick uyavumelana noHunter ukuthi izindleko ziyisithiyo esikhulu ekusebenziseni amaphrojekthi anjalo, nakuba kukhona ama-workaround akhona.ilangaamaphaneli ukuze kudlule imfuyo nezinto zokusebenza, “ungaphinda ukhulise ibanga phakathi komugqa wamaphaneli elanga,” kusho yena.” Sicabanga ngempela ukuthi singaklama kanjani lezi zinhlelo nabalimi kusukela ekuqaleni ukuze siqiniseke ukuthi kunemigwaqo eyanele ... futhi [cabanga] ukuthi ingqalasizinda yokunisela ikuphi ... futhi ucingo alusondeli kakhulu kumaphaneli ukuze ungakwazi ukuphinda uphendule ugandaganda - lezo zinto ezincane ezithinta ekugcineni ukuthi umlimi uzovuma yini, ngiqinisile. ngifuna ukukwenza, noma cha, akusifanele isikhathi sami.”
Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi imboni yelanga icabange kanzima mayelana nendlela yokujwayela i-PV yezolimo.Ezinkampanini ezithile, i-agri-PV ihambisana nomsebenzi wabo wonke wokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni nokwenza ngcono izimo zemvelo.Kwabanye, iqiniso lokuthi izindleko zokusebenza nokunakekela kungancishiswa lapho izimvu eziklabile "zithena" izitshalo ezikhula eduze kwamaphaneli kuyinzuzo, njengoba lokhu kuhumusha kube ukukhuthaza kwezomnothoilangaNoma kunjalo, uMacknick uphikisa ngokuthi izitshalo zomugqa wezimboni zitholakala endaweni enkulu yokulima efanelekile.ilangaamandla, futhi akhona futhi azoqhubeka abe isixhumanisi esibuthakathaka uma kuziwa kuma-photovoltaics ezolimo-ama-solar panel kanye nabavuni abakhulu abahlangene bangabangane abampofu.Kodwa amapulazi amancane avuselelekayo aphelele amandla elanga.Ukuze sifeze lokho, "sizama ukuhlanganisa umkhuba futhi hlinzeka ngocwaningo olusiza ukuthi ezolimo zingaba yingxenye yale nhlangano yezolimo evuselelayo,” kusho uMcNick.
Ukuthola kanjani abalimi ukuthi baqhubeke nokulima amasimu abo kuze kube yilapho kutholakala ukulingana okuthile ngengozi phakathi kokulima namandla elanga kuwumbuzo osafufusa. Futhi, kuncike kakhulu ezezimali.” Esinye sezithiyo ezinkulu ekwenzeni ukulima okuvuselelayo ukuthi iningi. abantu abakwazi ukukhokhela u-$30,000 endaweni yokutshala abayidinga kuphela kanye noma kabili ngonyaka,” kusho u-Hicks. Ukholelwa ukuthi ukwabelana ngemishini nokuthola abeluleki abanolwazi abangasiza ukonga isikhathi nezinsiza kuyizindlela zokwenza ukulima kufinyeleleke kalula. Ngokunjalo, I-Marin Agricultural Land Trust (MALT) kanye namalungelo e-AFT okuthenga okongiwa kwezolimo okongiwa kwezolimo (noma, esimweni se-AFT, ihlinzeka abanikazi bomhlaba ngezisusa zentela zokulahla amalungelo okuthuthukiswa) kubanikazi bomhlaba futhi bawakhansele, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi umhlaba uyalinywa unomphela. ;isibonelo, lokhu kunikeza abalimi imali yokwengeza imikhiqizo ene-value-added emisebenzini yabo.Ngokulula kwakhe i-MALT, u-Hicks wakha okokhilimu futhi wanweba inqolobane yakhe.
Emuva eTexas, uCobb wayengenaso isiqiniseko sokuthi angaqhubeka nokulima kuze kube nini. Ukwengeza ingcindezi, abazali bakhe bebecabanga ukuqasha ingxenye yepulazi lomkhaya.” Abafuni ukukwenza, kodwa iholo labo kulungisiwe," kusho uCobb. "Uma befaka amahektha angama-80ilanga, bangenza u-$50,000 ngonyaka.Kodwa lokho kuzongiphuca amahektha angu-80 epulazi.”Lokho kulahlekelwa kungaba kukhulu kunalokho okubonakala ephepheni.
“Umlimi osethathe umhlalaphansi ekulimeni, ulwazi oluningi umuntu analo alusatholakali ukuthi alime, ingasaphathwa eyokulahlekelwa umhlaba,” kusho uHunter.ilangaamaphaneli angasuswa futhi ungalima [umhlaba] futhi.Kodwa ulwazi, umphakathi, ingqalasizinda uma ingxenye yomakhelwane bakho ithengiswa futhi ingekho indawo yokuletha umkhiqizo wakho manje, kuhle, inkinga enkulu leyo.Kudingeka siqale ukuxoxa ngokuhwebelana kanzima.”
U-Lela Nargi yintatheli engumakadebona ekhuluma ngenqubomgomo yokudla nezolimo, ukusimama, nesayensi yeWashington Post, JSTOR Daily, Sierra, Ensia, and Civil Eats, phakathi kwezinye.Mthole ku-lelanargi.com.
Ukubika kwethu okuzimele, okujulile nokungachemi bekungeke kwenzeke ngaphandle kokusekelwa kwakho.Iba Ilungu Elisimeme namuhla - ngo-$1 kuphela ngenyanga.nikela
©2020 Counter.all rights reserved.Ukusetshenziswa kwalesi sizindalwazi kuhlanganisa ukwamukela Isivumelwano Somsebenzisi kanye Nenqubomgomo Yemfihlo.Izinto ezikule webhusayithi ngeke ziphinde zikhiqizwe, zisatshalaliswe, zidluliselwe, zigcinwe kunqolobane noma zisetshenziswe ngenye indlela ngaphandle kwemvume ebhaliwe yangaphambili yeThe Counter.
Ngokusebenzisa iwebhusayithi ye-The Counter's (“thina” kanye “nathi”) noma yikuphi okuqukethwe kwayo (njengoba kuchazwe eSigabeni 9 ngezansi) nezici (zizonke, “Amasevisi”), uyavumelana nemigomo nemibandela elandelayo yokusebenzisa kanye nokunye. leyo migomo nemibandela esikwazisa ngayo ngezimfuneko (ngokuhlangene, “Imigomo”).
Unikezwa ilayisense yomuntu siqu, ehoxiswayo, enomkhawulo, engakhethekile, engadluliseki ukuze ufinyelele futhi usebenzise Izinkonzo Nokuqukethwe, kuncike ekwamukeleni kwakho ukuqhubeka nokuthobela le Migomo.Ungasebenzisa Amasevisi ukuze uzisebenzisele umuntu siqu okungezona ezohwebo. futhi azikho ezinye izinjongo.Sinelungelo lokuvimbela, ukukhawulela noma ukumisa ukufinyelela kwanoma yimuphi umsebenzisi Ezinsizeni kanye/noma ukunqamula le layisense nganoma yisiphi isikhathi nganoma yisiphi isizathu.Sigodla noma yimaphi amalungelo esingawanikezwanga ngokucacile kule migomo.Singase siguqule imigomo nganoma isiphi isikhathi futhi izinguquko zingasebenza ngokushesha ngemva kokuthumela.Kuyisibopho sakho ukubuyekeza le migomo ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa ngakunye kwesevisi, futhi ngokuqhubeka nokusebenzisa isevisi, uyavumelana nazo zonke izinguquko kanye nemigomo yokusebenzisa.Izinguquko zizokwenza futhi ziyavela kulo mbhalo, ongakwazi ukufinyelela kuwo nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.Singase silungise, simise noma sinqamule noma iyiphi ingxenye Yesevisi, kuhlanganisa nokutholakala kwanoma iyiphi imisebenzi Yesevisi, isizindalwazi noma okuqukethwe, nganoma isiphi isikhathi, noma nganoma yisiphi isizathu, b.oth kubo bonke abasebenzisi kanye nawe.Singase futhi sibeke imikhawulo ezicini ezithile namasevisi, noma sikhawulele ukufinyelela kwakho kwezinye noma zonke izinsiza, ngaphandle kwesaziso noma isikweletu.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-28-2022
